Various interpretations have been made of the principle of Expectation or Waiting ( for the Savior ) in light of analytical philosophy of the Absence in the Shiite thought and Mahdism doctrine. This paper offers a critique to all and suggests a comprehensive interpretation based on the philosophy of Waiting. Based on such a comprehensive analysis, the negative side of the issue is not the only side to be stressed. The positive side also gets emphasis as the preparation of individuals and community efforts to establish an Islamic state in order to fulfill different aspects of religion. The development of the believers around the Koran and the Sunnah as the pivots under the leadership of the committed Imams is not possible without such a comprehensive view.

The theory of legitimate expectation has been raised as one of the means of judicial review over exercising discretionary power in some European countries, including UK. This theory was initially considered by Schmidt's case, but this theory has been seriously criticized and many English lawyers and judges made serious doubts about it. In this paper, while outlining different perspectives, answers the question "What is the nature of the legitimate expectation and the challenges posed on this theory in the England Administrative Law System? Although the foundations of legitimate expectation have been based on "fairness", there is no single view on the nature and function of "legitimate expectations". Doubtful about accepting a substantive legitimate expectation in England and not accepting it in New Zealand and Australia, The concept of "prohibition of abuse of power" in the issuance of certain judicial opinions, the violation of the principle of separation of powers and rival concepts, such as the principle of proportionality, has posed legitimate expectations with serious challenges. These challenges have caused this concept to not have the characteristics of a legal principle.

We prove that the limit of a sequence of Pettis integrable bounded scalarly measurable weak random elements, of finite weak norm, with values in the dual of a non-separable Banach space is Pettis integrable. Then we provide basic properties for the Pettis conditional expectation, and prove that it is continuous. Calculus of Pettis conditional expectations in general is very different from the calculus of Bochner conditional expectations due to the lack of strong measurability and separability. In two examples, we derive the Pettis conditional expectations.

This paper investigates the role of spatial design in satisfaction of about 240 waiting patients and their company in three hospitals in Shiraz City.The chemotherapy waiting room was selected for study in these three hospitals. These waiting rooms have more or less similar conditions and differ only in their spatial arrangement and relation to circulation corridors. The results indicate that visitor satisfaction increases as the sitting areas are more detached from corridors. Blocking view towards the chemotherapy area also has a positive impact on user satisfaction.Views towards green spaces, or at least peaceful posters has the same effect, too. So does the demarcation of spaces with different functions.Nevertheless, gender was found to have insignificant impact on spatial cognition.

Samuel Beckett is one of the most famous playwrights of the 20th century. He had a very active and changing life, and spent most of his life in trip and migration. He could make relations with all types of people, therefore was able to leave some humane and profound works. Although Beckett had left his own country, he always loved it, and felt committed towards his people. As a matter of fact, the main audiences of his plays are the Irish people. The events of his plays mostly take place in Dublin, and his personages mostly have Irish characteristics. This great thinker mainly concerns the poor and middle class people, especially those on the verge of death. Interesting is that he has seemingly been under constant threat to poverty and death. The personages of his plays provide a limited and lucked-up situation, all waiting for the basics of life. This is not out of mischief, but is out of his personal experience and his revolt against the nature. He wants to ask why human being should get so weak, and due to disability get trapped in poverty, and finally finish his life in pain and sorrow. He did not back any political wing, and did not enter the intellectual challenges. He always remained independent and pure. He never spoke about his works, and refused to answer the journalists and researchers. That is why that everyone interprets his works according to his own taste. The result is that those who do not know him, believe him to be hopeless and pessimist, and regard his works as ambiguous.His play Waiting for Godot has been registered among the classics of the 20th century. Godot is a name which has nothing to do with God, and has not been coined by Beckett. It is a family name used by so many French people, and can be found in French literature too (the absent personage in Balzac's work Le Faiseurs is also named as Godeou). The audiences of this play are Beckett's Irish country fellow men, and as opposed to the interpretations provided by the critics of the cold war era, this play is neither absurd, nor hopeless. The universality of this play originates from the fact that in the world of injustice, wars, sufferings, lies, accusations, colonization and oppressions, all the humans is looking for a savior, and find a meaning for life in their waiting, and are hopeful. In comparison with the characters of Greek classical drama, and the classic theatre of the 17th century Europe, these personages are simple, weak, suffering, and at the end of life. They are not alike the old characters who were quite noble and strong, and all the rest of the people loved to live like them. According to many of the directors of Beckett's works, "he (Beckett) wants to show that it is possible to live with hopes, with little hopes, all those small pieces which enable all the people to continue their livings".

Different heavenly religions have sparked the emergence of a savior of salvation that eradicated oppression and created a government full of justice around the world. But it must be said that the idea of salvation and the emergence of the Shia is so high. Since the emergence of the savior and the endowing messenger without the provision of the necessary grounds and conditions is not achieved, therefore, the education of awaited generation is necessary. In this regard, using the force and the influence of education on the training of human beings is a fundamental consideration. This study was designed with the aim of analyzing the expectations of the educational philosophy and the role of schools in educating the expected generation using a descriptive-analytical method and documentary resources. In this paper, along with the conceptualization of expectation and the expectation philosophy it has been attempted to extract all the statements related to the generation of the awaited generation and Mahdavi. The results showed that although the statements of this document are strong from theoretical perspective, but little success has been achieved in the field of action. Therefore, in this study, based on documentary studies, a conceptual framework of a curriculum was presented for the implementation of the Mahdavi generation education ideals in schools. At the end of the study, there are also suggestive and applied suggestions for further attention to this important topic in the field of thought and practice.

Data mining and knowledge discovery are important technologies for business and research. Despite their benefits in various areas such as marketing, business and medical analysis, the use of data mining techniques can also result in new threats to privacy and information security. Therefore, a new class of data mining methods called privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) has been developed. The aim of researches in this field is to develop techniques those could be applied to databases without violating the privacy of individuals. In this work we introduce a new approach to preserve sensitive information in databases with both numerical and categorical attributes using fuzzy logic. We map a database into a new one that conceals private information while preserving mining benefits. In our proposed method, we use fuzzy membership functions (MFs) such as Gaussian, P-shaped, Sigmoid, S-shaped and Z-shaped for private data. Then we cluster modified datasets by Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. Our experimental results show that using fuzzy logic for preserving data privacy guarantees valid data clustering results while protecting sensitive information. The accuracy of the clustering algorithm using fuzzy data is approximately equivalent to original data and is better than the state of the art methods in this field.

Since the housing sector has an intricate relationship with other sectors of the economy, fluctuations in the price can be costly. Also, rising prices are either rooted in the underlying conditions of the economy or simply caused by the bubble, leading to different policies. Therefore, house price bubble can be considered as an early warning system to prevent adverse economic consequences. The present paper applies the theory of rational expectation bubble in the Iranian housing market during the years 2006-2020 using the Blanchard and Watson model. The theory implies that negative returns on house prices are less likely to occur if the bubbles exist. The risk assessment is, however, estimated by linear logistic function. The existence of bubble in housing market is confirmed based on 30 provinces.